The passage of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) in 2014 was a watershed moment, establishing the first statewide framework for managing California’s critical groundwater resources. Under this framework, one of the key challenges facing newly formed local government agencies responsible for groundwater management is to establish and implement quantitative metrics for sustainability.

Under SGMA, the newly formed Groundwater Sustainability Agencies (GSAs) are tasked with creating plans to achieve sustainable groundwater management by 2040 or 2042, depending on the basin.

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